Planet Earth《地球脉动（2006）》第一季第三集完整中英文对照剧本

1、行星地球地球上只有3%的水是淡水only 3 percent of the water on our planet is fresh.可是这些珍贵的淡水中却充满了惊奇yet these precious waters are rich with surprise.所有陆地生命归根结底都依赖于淡水all life on land is ultimately dependent upon fresh water. 淡水英配解说：大卫爱登堡神秘的委内瑞拉平顶山区the mysterious tepuis of venezuela -一个孤立于丛林之上的的山地高原isolated mountain p

2、lateaus rising high above the jungle.这里是亚瑟柯南道尔的著作失落的世界的灵感源泉this was the inspiration for arthur conan doyle's 'lost world/一个想象中的史前世界an imagined prehistoric land.这里伫立着数千年来暴风骤雨雕凿成的奇形怪状的石塔here, strange towers of sandstone have been sculptured over the millennia by battering wind and torrential r

3、ain.水蒸发成水蒸气从海面升起moisture rising as water vapour from the surface of the sea 接着被风带到内陆is blown inland by wind.途经山脉的时候水气被迫抬升on reaching mountains, the moisture is forced upwards逐渐冷却汇聚成云最后形成降雨and as it cools, it condenses into cloud and finally rain 这便是所有淡水的来源the source of all fresh water.这里全年儿乎每天都会降下热带

4、暴雨there is a tropical downpour here almost every day of the year. 淡水之旅就是从这些高山之巅开始的fresh water's journey starts here, high in the mountains.涓涓细流汇集成泱泱大河growing from humble streams to mighty rivers行程数百英里回到大海it will travel hundreds of miles to the sea.=1安赫尔瀑布一一世界上落差最大的瀑布angel falls, the highest wate

5、rfall in the world.流水不间断地从将近1000米的高处落下its waters drop unbroken for almost a thousand metres.具有如此这般高度的瀑布such is the height of these falls在水还未落到恶魔谷底之前that long before the water reaches the base in the devifs canyon便已被吹散成雾霾it's blown away as a fine mist.上游地段的山涧充满活力in their upper reaches, mountain s

6、treams are full of energy.溪流汇聚成河streams join to form rivers,随着力道的积聚building in power,形成激流creating rapids.这里的水较冷the water here is cold.营养物质不多但含氧量却很高low in nutrients, but high in oxygen.生活在急流中的少数几种动物the few creatures that live in the torrent得有办法固定自己以保住性命have to hang on for dear life.无脊椎动物统治着上游河段invert

7、ebrates dominate these upper reaches.这是鱼蛉其扁平的身体能减少水的冲击力the hellgrammite, its body flattened to reduce drag,并依靠浓密的魄从水中过滤氧气has bushy gills to extract oxygen from the current.蛹的幼虫靠钩环固定自己black fly larvae anchor themselves with the ring of hooks,即使不小心松脱了but if these become unstuck,它们还有一根坚韧的“安全索”they'

8、re still held by a silicon safety line.这些动物拥有在急流中生存的先天优势there are advantages to life in the fast stream -拟匙指虾只需趴在河底用它们的扇形前臂从流水中过滤出食物颗粒bamboo shrimps can just sit and sift out passing particles with their fan-like forearms. 通常山涧提供的食物只能维持小型动物生存usually, these mountain streams only provide enough food f

9、or small animals to survive. 可是在日本每当春雪消融之际but with the spring melt here in japan一种怪物便在巢窟中苏醒monsters stir in their dens.大猊世界上最大的两栖动物giant salamanders, world's largest amphibian,几乎能长到2米长almost two metres long.它们是这些冰水中唯一的大型掠食动物they're the only large predator in these icy waters.夜幕降临它们开始捕猎they b

10、egin their hunt at night.大舰的新陈代谢十分缓慢these salamanders have an exceptionally slow metabolism.它们能活80多年因此长得十分巨大living up to 80 years they grow into giants.可供大貌捕食的鱼非常稀少the fish they hunt are scarce而且它们的视力也很差and salamanders have poor eyesight.可是它们头上和身上的感官突起but sensory nodes on their head and body能觉察出最轻微的

11、水压变化detect the slightest changes in water pressure.由于没有竞争free from competition,这些大家伙得以独自享用美食these giants can dine alone.大貌的收获通常都比较少pickings are usually thin for the salamanders,而世界上的高山河流每年都将迎接成千上万的来访者but every year some of the world's high rivers are crowded by millions of visitors. 畦鱼来了the salm

12、on have arrived.这是世界上规模最大的淡水鱼洞游this is the world's largest fresh water fish migration.畦鱼穿越整个北半球从海洋回到它们的产卵地across the northern hemisphere salmon, returning from the ocean to their spawning grounds,奋力逆流而上数百英里battle their way for hundreds of miles upstream.只因上游很少有捕食鱼卵和鱼苗的掠食者up here, there are fewer

13、 predators to eat their eggs and fry.一只灰熊a grizzly bear.它已经很久没有打牙祭了from famine to feast 早就盼着这个机会he's spoilt for choice.这只加拿大熊很特别this canadian bear is very special -它学会了潜水捕猎he's learnt to dive for his dinner.但要想在深水中捕获畦鱼可不太容易but catching salmon in deep water is not that easy熊崽们还要很多东西要学and the

14、cubs have lots to learn.畦鱼每年都会到河里产卵the annual arrival of spawning salmon于是这些平常只能勉强维持众多动物生计的高山河流终于有了提供饕餐大餐的机会 brings huge quantities of food into these high rivers that normally struggle to support much life.尽管高山河流的生物量相对较少它们却有能力改变地形although relatively lifeless, the power of the upland rivers to shape

15、 the landscape在河流扮演的角色中这才是最主要的is greater than any other stage in a river's life.它们借助地心引力成为地球上最大的侵蚀力量driven by gravity, they're the most erosive forces on the planet.在过去的500万年中for the past 5 million years亚利桑那州的科罗拉多河冲走了大量沙石arizona's colorado river has eaten away at the deserts sandstone 形成

16、一个巨大深邃的峡谷to create a gigantic canyon.它的深度超过1英里it's over a mile deep最宽的地方达17英里and at its widest it's 17 miles across.这就是大峡谷the grand canyon.这条河冲蚀出了世界上最长的峡谷系this river has cut the worldfs longest canyon system -在太空中也能清楚地看到这条长达1000英里的沟壑a 1,000 mile scar clearly visible from space.河流离开山区之后as riv

17、ers leave the mountains behind,河水许斤i斩变暖养育的动物也多了起来they gradually warm and begin to support more life.印度河里住着世界上最具社会性的水獭indian rivers are home to the world's most social otter -印度水獭的一个家族可多达17名成员smooth-coated otters form family groups up to 17 strong. 集体"按♥摩♥”不仅能清洁它们的皮毛gro

18、up rubbing not only refreshes their coats,也能增强群体内部团结but strengthens social bonds.当它们去捕鱼时when it comes to fishing群体合作能保证它们屡战屡胜there is real strength in numbers.小水獭在4个月大时就开始学习捕鱼fishing practice begins when the cubs are four months old.只有成年水獭才具备捕鱼所需的速度和灵巧only the adults have the speed and agility neede

19、d to make a catch. 成年水獭把“战利品与幼崽一起分享小家伙们立刻抢成一团adults share their catches with their squabbling cubs. 大部分水獭都是独自生活most otters are solitary,但是这些富饶温暖的水域足以养活大型家族but these rich warm waters can support large family groups 甚至更大的掠食动物and even bigger predators.4米长的恒河鳄能轻松捕获一只落单的水獭mugger crocodiles, four metres l

20、ong, could easily take a single otter. 不过集♥合♥起来的水獭颇有胆量but, confident in their gangs,反而会主动骚扰这些大块头的爬行动物the otters will actively harass these great reptiles.群体作战通常会取得胜利team play wins the day.马拉河蜿蜒地穿过东非平原the mara river, snaking across the plains of east africa.由于地势平坦as the land fla

21、ttens out河水流速变慢没有了原来的破坏力rivers slow down and lose their destructive power. 河流中带着大量的泥沙now they are carrying heavy loads of sediment水变得很浑浊that stains their waters brown.一队队的角马正在迁徙途中lines of wildebeest are on their march.每年都会有将近200万只角马横越塞伦盖蒂平原each year nearly two million animals migrate across the sere

22、ngeti plains 去寻找新鲜草场in search of fresh green pastures.对于这群饥渴难耐的角马来说for these thirsty herds河流不仅是唯一能解渴的重要水源the rivers are not only a vital source of drinking water,也是充满危险的关隘but also dangerous obstacles.这里是非洲一处最大的尼罗鳄聚集地this is one of the largest concentrations of nile crocodiles in africa, 这些大怪物能长到5米多长

23、giants that grow over five metres long.鳄鱼凭着记忆得知角马已经来了from memory, the wildebeest are coming不出所料它们纷纷下水and gather in anticipation.鳄鱼的巨口像捕兽铁一般紧咬住猎物the crocodile's jaws snap tight like a steel trap -一旦被它逮住猎物再无逃脱的机会once they have a hold, they never let go.它得花上一个多小时才能淹死这只成年公角马it took over an hour to d

24、rown this full-grown bull. 为了突袭猎物to surprise their prey鳄鱼必须以闪电般的速度出击crocodiles must strike with lightning speed.在这里生与死只有一线之隔here, only the narrowest line separates life from death. 大部分河流都汇入大海most rivers drain into the sea,可有些河流的终点却是大型湖泊but some end their journey in vast lakes.全球湖泊淡水储量比江河多20倍worldwid

25、e lakes hold twenty times more fresh water than all the rivers.东非大裂谷内有着3个世界上最大的淡水湖the east african rift valley holds three of the world's largest: 马拉维湖、坦喝尼喀湖以及维多利亚湖malawi, tanganyika, and victoria.马拉维湖是这3个湖泊中最小的lake malawi, the smallest of the three,却仍比威尔士还要大is still bigger than wales.生活在这个热带湖泊里

26、的鱼类比其它湖泊都要丰富its tropical waters teem with more fish species than any other lake.这里有850多种不同的慈觥|there are 850 different cichlids alone,它们都是从一个数千年前即被隔绝在此的祖先进化而来的all of which evolved from just one single ancestor isolated here thousands of years ago. 这些2米宽的土丘是鱼儿们的杰作these two-metre wide craters are fish-

27、made.雄鱼一丝不苟地维护着坑巢因为这里正是求爱的场所fastidiously maintained by the males, these bowls are courtship arenas.慈躺是尽心尽职的父母cichlids are caring parents.它们将鱼苗含在嘴里这是一种保护它们的有效方法brooding young in the mouth is a very effective way of protecting them. 马拉维湖也是个危机四伏的地方this lake can be a dangerous place.到了晚上掠食性的长颌鱼纷纷游出它们白天潜

28、伏的石缝after dark, predatory dolphin fish emerge from their daytime lairs among the rocks. 它们像是一群鲨鱼一边游一边寻找熟睡中的慈躺like packs of sharks, they're on the prowl for sleeping cichlids. 这些鱼用电在黑喑中捕猎in the darkness these electric fish hunt它们在身体周围形成电场 并感知其变化by detecting distortions in the electric field they

29、create around their bodies. 一旦慈切入电场立刻就会成为捕食的对象any cichlid that trenches out will be snapped up.马拉维湖底是一个深达700多米的深渊the floor of lake malawi drops 700 metres into an abyss.这个死亡地带成了幽蚊幼虫躲避天敌的庇护所here, in this dead zone the larvae of lake fly midges hide out away from predators. 每到雨季它们便充气浮上水面in the rainy s

30、eason they balloon up to the surface然后经历一场不可思议的变化and undergo a magical transformation.黎明时分第一只成蚊破蛹而出at dawn the first adult midges start to break out.不久成百上千万只新羽化的幽蚊全都扇动着翅膀飞到空中soon, millions upon millions of newly hatched lake flies are taking to the wing. 早期探险家看到这种湖面上“冒烟”的情景还以为是湖底着了火early explorers t

31、old tales of lakes that smoked, as if on fire.这些高达数百米的螺旋型“烟”柱but these spiralling columns hundreds if metres high其实是正在交♥配♥的幽蚊are mating flies.幽蚊完成交♥配♥之后once the flies have mated,便会一起落到水面they will all drop to the water surface, 产下卵然后死去release their eggs and

32、 die.马拉维湖看起来像大海一样辽阔malawi may look like an inland sea,但它远比不上世界上最大的湖泊but it's dwarfed by the world's largest lake -东西伯利亚的贝加尔湖baikal in eastern siberia.贝加尔湖长400英里深度超过1英里其中淡水储量占到了全球江河湖泊淡水总量的1/5400 miles long and over a mile deep, baikal contains one fifth of all the fresh water found in our pla

33、net's lakes and rivers.每年中总有5个月湖面被1米厚的冰层覆盖for five months of the year it's sealed by an ice sheet over a metre thick.贝加尔湖是世界上最古老的湖泊baikal is the oldest lake in the world尽管生存条件恶劣生命仍在这个与世隔绝的地方得到了兴盛and； despite the harsh conditions； life flourishes here in isolation. 湖里80%的物种在地球上其它地方都不存在80 perc

34、ent of its species are found nowhere else on earth, 包括世界上唯一的淡水海豹including the worldfs only fresh water seal.有了这种海豹with this seal再加上海底森林一般的海绵and its marine-like forests of sponges贝加尔湖看起来更像是海洋而不是湖泊baikal seems more like an ocean than a lake. 这种长得像虾一样的甲壳动物是一种大型端足类动物它有老鼠那么大there are shrimp-like crustace

35、ans - giant amphipods - as large as mice. 它们是湖里不可或缺的“清洁工”they are the key scavengers in this lake.由于湖水过于寒冷分解尸体的细菌很难在此存活the water here is just too cold for the bacteria that normally decompose the dead. 大部分河流并非止于湖泊most rivers do not end in lakes而是一直奔向大海but continue their journey to the sea.地球上的超级大河毫无

36、疑问就是亚马逊河the planet's indisputable super-river is the amazon.它的水量是世界十大江河中其余9条大河的总和it carries as much water as the next top-ten biggest rivers combined.它发源于秘鲁安第斯山区其干流穿越整个巴西rising in the peruvian andes, its main trunk flows eastwards across brazil. 全部流域面♥积♥达到南美洲的1/3on its way

37、the system drains a third of south america.最终在经过4000英里的流程之后eventually, over 4,000 miles from its source,亚马逊河汇入了大西洋it empties into the atlantic ocean.亚马逊河每年会带来10亿吨♥的泥沙the amazon transports a billion tonnes of sediment a year,泥沙使得河水交汇成为一道显眼的风景sediment clearly visible at the mixing of the wa

38、ters一条巨大的支流一一内格罗河在此汇入干流where one massive tributary, the rio negro, flows into the main river.河水中的物种异常丰富its waters are wonderfully rich.据统计被命名的鱼类已达到3000多种to date over 3,000 species of their fish have been described -这比整个大西洋的鱼类种数还要多more than in the whole of the atlantic ocean.亚马逊河养育着丰富繁多的鱼类the amazon

39、is so large and rich in fish为淡水海豚提供了生存条件that it can support fresh water dolphins.这些亚马逊江豚体型巨大身长达2.5米these botos are huge - two and a half metres long.它们利用回声定位在昏暗的水中探路和捕食in these murky waters they rely on sonar to navigate and hunt.它们一起合作把鱼群赶到浅水区they work together to drive shoals of fish into the shal

40、lows.亚马逊江豚是高度社会型动物botos are highly social在繁殖季节会有一场激烈的求偶竞赛and in the breeding season there is stiff competition for mates.雄江豚会以独特的方式向雌江豚示爱the males hold court in a unique way.它们用长嘴捡起石块they pick up rocks in their jaws然后向自己的“心上人''炫耀and flaunt them to their attending females.这或许是雄江豚展示自己强壮身体和敏捷身手

41、的一种方式maybe each male is trying to show how strong and dexterous he is以此来证明自己将是最好的父亲 雌江豚为了孩子就应该选它and that he therefore is the best father a female could have for her young. 求爱成功后它们便开始交♥配♥successful displays lead to mating.即使像亚马逊河这般巨大的江河even for giant rivers like the amazon流向大海的过

42、程也并非都是平缓连续的the journey to the sea is not always smooth or uninterrupted.位于巴西和阿根廷边境的伊瓜苏瀑布iguassu falls on the border of brazil and argentina是世界上最宽的瀑布之一is one of the widest waterfalls in the world 宽幅达1.5英里one and a half miles across.瀑布每秒的水流量达到3000万立方米in flood 30 million litres of water spill over ever

43、y second.所有世界上最大的瀑布all the world's great broad waterfalls:维多利亚瀑布、尼亚加拉瀑布还有这里的依瓜苏瀑布victoria, niagara and here, iguassu,都是位于河流的下游地段are only found in the lower courses of their rivers. 在旅途的最后阶段in their final stages河道变宽河水缓缓流过平坦辽阔的冲积平原rivers broaden and flow wearily across their flat flood plains. 这里是

44、巴西每到雨季each wet season here, in brazil,巴拉那河都会泛滥the parana river overflows its banks洪水淹没的地区相当于一个英格兰and floods an area the size of england.潘塔纳尔沼泽地the pantanal -世界上最大的湿地the world's largest wetland.缓慢的流水中生长着茂盛的水生植物in these slow-flowing waters aquatic plants flourish譬如有着2米宽叶子的王莲like the victoria giant

45、 water lily with leaves two metres across. 这些水下森林正是鱼类理想的"育婴场所these underwater forests are nursery grounds for fish. 大约有300多种动物在此繁殖其中包括红腹锯脂鲤over 300 species breed here, including red-bellied piranha 以及其它食肉动物例如眼镜凯门鳄and other predators, like the spectacle caiman.水边生长着高大的无花果树ripening fig trees over

46、hanging the water's edge 为饥饿的鱼群提供美味食物provide welcome food for shoals of hungry fish.骚动引来了麻哈脂鲤the commotion attracts dorado,当地人称之为“河中之虎” known locally as the river tiger. 它们穿梭于觅食的鱼群中they patrol the feeding shoals, 找准机会发动进攻 looking for a chance to strike. 有些鱼则守在一旁等待and waiting in the wings, 时刻准备攻击

47、任何受伤的鱼ready to pick off any injured fish,它们就是锯脂鲤are the piranhas.它们的进食速率极快the feeding frenzy quickly develops.锯脂鲤几分钟内便能将一条活鱼啃得只剩下骨架piranha can strip a fish to the bone in minutes.大量的鱼养活着大批聚集的水鸟great numbers of fish sustain vast flocks of water birds.粉红琵鹭是潘塔纳尔沼泽地中的650多种鸟类中的一种the rose-eared spoonbill

48、is just one of the 650 bird species found in the pantanal. 它们将巢建在树干上一群多达好几千只they nest alongside wood stocks in colonies thousands strong.眼镜凯门鳄在下面游荡spectacle caiman linger below,等着食物从天而降waiting for a meal to fall out of the sky.当江河最终汇入大海时when rivers finally reach the sea水流减缓留下大量泥沙堆成了三角洲they slow down

49、, release their sediment and build deltas.在孟加拉国恒河与雅鲁藏布江的交¥匚处in bangladesh the ganges and brahmaputra rivers join形成了世界上最大的三角洲to form the world's biggest.每年大约有20亿吨♥泥沙在此沉淀every year almost 2 thousand million tonnes of sediment从喜马拉雅h【脉上崩塌下来的土石最终归于♥大♥海&hearts

50、;eroded from the himalayas is delivered to the ocean.三角洲河口地带有一片世界上最大的红树林at the delta's mouth - the largest mangrove forest in the world, 孙德尔本斯红树林the sundarbans.这些特殊的树林遍及整个热带地区的潮间带那里正是河流的入海口these extraordinary forests spring up throughout the tropics in these tidal zones where rivers meet the sea

51、.食蟹猴是红林的特有物种crab-eating macaques are mangrove specials.在印度尼西亚这些猴子过着一种独特的双栖式生活in indonesia these monkeys have adopted a unique amphibious lifestyle -它们拣食落在水中的食物they fish out fallen food.在白天酷热难耐之时猴群会利用水来给身体降温the troop also uses the waters to cool off during the heat of the day.水道也是顽皮的小猴子们的游乐场but the c

52、hannels are also the playground for restless young macaques. 有的小猴甚至已经学会潜泳some of the young have even taken to underwater swimming.它们能在水下呆30多秒they can stay down for more than 30 seconds而它们这么做似乎只是因为好玩and appear to do this just for fun.但是这些在玩耍中学会的游泳本领yet these swimming skills acquired during play 将来会成为

53、在红林中非常有用的生活技能 will certainly be useful later in life in these flooded mangrove forests. 在较冷的地区沉积在入海口的泥沙in cooler climes, mud, laid down in estuaries, 被大♥片♥盐沼水草覆盖 is colonised by salt marsh grasses 成为地球上一处最肥沃的野生动物栖息地 and form one of the most productive habitats on the planet. 40

54、万只大西洋雪雁成群飞往美国大西洋海岸的河口地带 400,000 greater snow geese flock to the estuaries along the atlantic coast of the united states并在此休整准备继续长途迁徙to rest and refuel on their long migratory journeys.这是淡水之旅的终点this is the end of the river's journey.它们共同抚平高山collectively they've worn down mountains把它们带向大海and carried them to the sea.在整个行程中and all along the way,淡水为地球带来了无数生机与富饶their fresh water has brought life and abundance to planet earth.